Base class for IP Based Networking Libraries
Dependencies: DnsQuery
Dependents: TempTower BSDInterfaceTests HelloBSDInterface ESP8266InterfaceTests ... more
For a complete getting started guide see the wiki...
Network Socket API
The Network Socket API provides a common interface for using sockets on network devices. The API provides a simple class-based interface that should be familiar to users experienced with other socket APIs. Additionally, the API provides a simple interface for implementing network devices, making it easy to connect hardware agnostic programs to new devices.
Network Interfaces
The NetworkInterface provides an abstract class for network devices that support sockets. Devices should provide a DeviceInterface class that inherits this interface and adds implementation specific methods for using the device. A NetworkInterface must be provided to a Socket constructor to open a socket on the interface. Currently two subclasses are defined for common devices, EthernetInterface
and WiFiInterface.
Sockets
The Socket class is used for managing network sockets. Once opened, the socket provides a pipe through which data can sent and recieved to a specific endpoint. The socket class can be instantiated as either a TCPSocket
or a UDPSocket
which defines the protocol used for the connection.
Revision 101:9caa935c3baa, committed 2016-04-19
- Comitter:
- Christopher Haster
- Date:
- Tue Apr 19 18:25:52 2016 -0500
- Parent:
- 100:90d8f662de83
- Child:
- 102:9002476b9136
- Commit message:
- Revisited documentation for NetworkInterface specific methods
Changed in this revision
NetworkInterface.h | Show annotated file Show diff for this revision Revisions of this file |
--- a/NetworkInterface.h Tue Apr 19 18:25:23 2016 -0500 +++ b/NetworkInterface.h Tue Apr 19 18:25:52 2016 -0500 @@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ #include "SocketAddress.h" -/** Enum of standardized error codes +/** Enum of standardized error codes + * + * Valid error codes have negative values and may + * be returned by any network operation. + * * @enum nsapi_error_t */ enum nsapi_error_t { @@ -38,6 +42,10 @@ }; /** Enum of socket protocols + * + * The socket protocol specifies a particular protocol to + * be used with a newly created socket. + * * @enum protocol_t */ enum nsapi_protocol_t { @@ -55,8 +63,11 @@ /** NetworkInterface class - * Common interface that is shared between all hardware that - * can connect to a network over IP. + * + * Common interface that is shared between hardware that + * can connect to a network over IP. By implementing the + * NetworkInterface, a network stack can be used as a target + * for instantiating network sockets. */ class NetworkInterface { @@ -64,44 +75,54 @@ virtual ~NetworkInterface() {}; /** Get the internally stored IP address + * * @return IP address of the interface or null if not yet connected */ virtual const char *get_ip_address() = 0; /** Get the internally stored MAC address + * * @return MAC address of the interface */ virtual const char *get_mac_address() = 0; - /** Get the current status of the interface - * @return true if connected - */ - virtual bool is_connected() { - return get_ip_address() != NULL; - } - - /** Looks up the specified host's IP address + /** Translates a host name to an IP address + * + * The host name may be either a domain name or an IP address. + * If no stack-specific DNS resolution is provided, the host name + * will be resolve using a UDP socket on the stack. + * * @param address Destination for the host SocketAddress - * @param name Hostname to lookup - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @param host Host name to lookup + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ - virtual int gethostbyname(SocketAddress *address, const char *name); + virtual int gethostbyname(SocketAddress *address, const char *host); - /* Set stack options - * @param level Option level - * @param optname Option identifier + /* Set stack-specific stack options + * + * The setstackopt allow an application to pass stack-specific hints + * to the underlying stack. For unsupported options, + * NSAPI_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED is returned and the stack is unmodified. + * + * @param level Stack-specific protocol level + * @param optname Stack-specific option identifier * @param optval Option value * @param optlen Length of the option value - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int setstackopt(int level, int optname, const void *optval, unsigned optlen); - /* Get stack options - * @param level Option level - * @param optname Option identifier - * @param optval Buffer where to write option value + /* Get stack-specific stack options + * + * The getstackopt allow an application to retrieve stack-specific hints + * from the underlying stack. For unsupported options, + * NSAPI_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED is returned and optval is unmodified. + * + * @param level Stack-specific protocol level + * @param optname Stack-specific option identifier + * @param optval Destination for option value * @param optlen Length of the option value - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int getstackopt(int level, int optname, void *optval, unsigned *optlen); @@ -111,127 +132,190 @@ friend class TCPSocket; friend class TCPServer; - /** Open a socket - * @param handle Handle in which to store new socket - * @param proto Type of socket to open, NSAPI_TCP or NSAPI_UDP - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + /** Opens a socket + * + * Creates a socket for communication and stores it in the specified + * handle. The handle must be passed to following calls on the socket. + * + * A stack may have a finite number of sockets, in this case + * NSAPI_ERROR_NO_SOCKET is returned if no socket is available. + * + * @param handle Destination for the handle to a newly created socket + * @param proto Protocol of socket to open, NSAPI_TCP or NSAPI_UDP + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int socket_open(void **handle, nsapi_protocol_t proto) = 0; /** Close the socket + * + * Closes any open connection and deallocates any memory associated with + * the socket. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure - * @note On failure, any memory associated with the socket must still - * be cleaned up + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int socket_close(void *handle) = 0; - /** Bind a server socket to a specific port + /** Bind a specific address to a socket + * + * Binding a socket specifies the address and port on which to recieve + * data. If the IP address is zeroed, only the port is bound. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param address Local address to listen for incoming connections on - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure. + * @param address Local address to bind + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure. */ virtual int socket_bind(void *handle, const SocketAddress &address) = 0; - /** Start listening for incoming connections + /** Listen for connections on a TCP socket + * + * Marks the socket as a passive socket that can be used to accept + * incoming connections. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param backlog Number of pending connections that can be queued up at any - * one time [Default: 1] - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @param backlog Number of pending connections that can be queued + * simultaneously, defaults to 1 + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int socket_listen(void *handle, int backlog) = 0; - /** Connects this TCP socket to the server + /** Connects TCP socket to a remote host + * + * Initiates a connection to a remote server specified by the + * indicated address. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param address SocketAddress to connect to - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @param address The SocketAddress of the remote host + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int socket_connect(void *handle, const SocketAddress &address) = 0; - - /** Check if the socket is connected - * @param handle Socket handle - * @return true if connected, false otherwise - */ - virtual bool socket_is_connected(void *handle) = 0; - /** Accept a new connection. - * @param handle Handle in which to store new socket + /** Accepts a connection on a TCP socket + * + * The server socket must be bound and set to listen for connections. + * On a new connection, creates a socket stores it in the specified + * handle. The handle must be passed to following calls on the socket. + * + * A stack may have a finite number of sockets, in this case + * NSAPI_ERROR_NO_SOCKET is returned if no socket is available. + * + * This call is non-blocking. If accept would block, + * NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK is returned immediately. + * + * @param handle Destination for a handle to the newly created sockey * @param server Socket handle to server to accept from - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure - * @note This call is not-blocking, if this call would block, must - * immediately return NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_WAIT + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int socket_accept(void **handle, void *server) = 0; - /** Send data to the remote host + /** Send data over a TCP socket + * + * The socket must be connected to a remote host. Returns the number of + * bytes sent from the buffer. + * + * This call is non-blocking. If send would block, + * NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK is returned immediately. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param data The buffer to send to the host - * @param size The length of the buffer to send - * @return Number of written bytes on success, negative on failure - * @note This call is not-blocking, if this call would block, must - * immediately return NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_WAIT + * @param data Buffer of data to send to the host + * @param size Size of the buffer in bytes + * @return Number of sent bytes on success, negative error + * code on failure */ virtual int socket_send(void *handle, const void *data, unsigned size) = 0; - /** Receive data from the remote host + /** Receive data over a TCP socket + * + * The socket must be connected to a remote host. Returns the number of + * bytes received into the buffer. + * + * This call is non-blocking. If recv would block, + * NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK is returned immediately. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param data The buffer in which to store the data received from the host - * @param size The maximum length of the buffer - * @return Number of received bytes on success, negative on failure - * @note This call is not-blocking, if this call would block, must - * immediately return NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_WAIT + * @param data Destination buffer for data received from the host + * @param size Size of the buffer in bytes + * @return Number of received bytes on success, negative error + * code on failure */ virtual int socket_recv(void *handle, void *data, unsigned size) = 0; - /** Send a packet to a remote endpoint + /** Send a packet over a UDP socket + * + * Sends data to the specified address. Returns the number of bytes + * sent from the buffer. + * + * This call is non-blocking. If sendto would block, + * NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK is returned immediately. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param address The remote SocketAddress - * @param data The packet to be sent - * @param size The length of the packet to be sent - * @return the number of written bytes on success, negative on failure - * @note This call is not-blocking, if this call would block, must - * immediately return NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_WAIT + * @param address The SocketAddress of the remote host + * @param data Buffer of data to send to the host + * @param size Size of the buffer in bytes + * @return Number of sent bytes on success, negative error + * code on failure */ virtual int socket_sendto(void *handle, const SocketAddress &address, const void *data, unsigned size) = 0; - /** Receive a packet from a remote endpoint + /** Receive a packet over a UDP socket + * + * Receives data and stores the source address in address if address + * is not NULL. Returns the number of bytes received into the buffer. + * + * This call is non-blocking. If recvfrom would block, + * NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK is returned immediately. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param address Destination for the remote SocketAddress or null - * @param buffer The buffer for storing the incoming packet data - * If a packet is too long to fit in the supplied buffer, - * excess bytes are discarded - * @param size The length of the buffer - * @return the number of received bytes on success, negative on failure - * @note This call is not-blocking, if this call would block, must - * immediately return NSAPI_ERROR_WOULD_WAIT + * @param address Destination for the source address or NULL + * @param data Destination buffer for data received from the host + * @param size Size of the buffer in bytes + * @return Number of received bytes on success, negative error + * code on failure */ virtual int socket_recvfrom(void *handle, SocketAddress *address, void *buffer, unsigned size) = 0; /** Register a callback on state change of the socket + * + * The specified callback will be called on state changes such as when + * the socket can recv/send/accept successfully and on when an error + * occurs. The callback may also be called spuriously without reason. + * + * The callback may be called in an interrupt context and should not + * perform expensive operations such as recv/send calls. + * * @param handle Socket handle * @param callback Function to call on state change * @param data Argument to pass to callback - * @note Callback may be called in an interrupt context. */ virtual void socket_attach(void *handle, void (*callback)(void *), void *data) = 0; - /* Set socket options + /* Set stack-specific socked options + * + * The setsockopt allow an application to pass stack-specific hints + * to the underlying stack. For unsupported options, + * NSAPI_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED is returned and the socket is unmodified. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param level Option level - * @param optname Option identifier + * @param level Stack-specific protocol level + * @param optname Stack-specific option identifier * @param optval Option value * @param optlen Length of the option value - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int setsockopt(void *handle, int level, int optname, const void *optval, unsigned optlen); - /* Get socket options + /* Get stack-specific socket options + * + * The getstackopt allow an application to retrieve stack-specific hints + * from the underlying stack. For unsupported options, + * NSAPI_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED is returned and optval is unmodified. + * * @param handle Socket handle - * @param level Option level - * @param optname Option identifier - * @param optval Buffer where to write option value + * @param level Stack-specific protocol level + * @param optname Stack-specific option identifier + * @param optval Destination for option value * @param optlen Length of the option value - * @return 0 on success, negative on failure + * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure */ virtual int getsockopt(void *handle, int level, int optname, void *optval, unsigned *optlen); };